1. Ukuhlelwa kweefasteners
Zininzi iindidi zeziqhoboshi, ezinokuthi zohlulwe ikakhulu kwezi ndidi zilandelayo ngokwemilo kunye nomsebenzi:
I-Bolt: I-cylindrical fastener enemicu, ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswe ngokubambisana ne-nut, ukufezekisa umphumo wokuqinisa ngokujikeleza i-nut. Iibholiti zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo zemishini kunye nezakhiwo, kwaye ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokudibanisa kunye nokulungisa iindawo.
Nut: Indongomane licandelo elisetyenziswe ngokudibeneyo nebholithi, enemingxuma ephothiweyo ngaphakathi ehambelana nomsonto webholiti. Ngokujikeleza i-nut, kunokwenzeka ukuba uqinise okanye ukhulule i-bolt.
I-Screw: I-Screw luhlobo lwe-fastener enemisonto yangaphandle, idla ngokujijwa ngokuthe ngqo kumngxuma odityanisiweyo wenxalenye edityanisiweyo ngaphandle kwemfuneko yokuba i-nut ilingane. Izikrweqe zinokusebenza zombini ukuqinisa kunye neenjongo zokubeka ngexesha lenkqubo yoqhagamshelo.
I-Stud: I-stud luhlobo lwe-fastener enemisonto kuzo zombini iziphelo, edla ngokusetyenziswa ukudibanisa izinto ezimbini ezityebileyo. Umphumo wokuqiniswa kweebholiti uzinzile kwaye ufanelekile kwiimeko apho banokumelana nemikhosi ephezulu.
I-Gasket: I-gasket yinxalenye esetyenziselwa ukunyusa indawo yoqhagamshelwano phakathi kweendawo ezidibanisayo, ukukhusela ukukhulula, kunye nokunciphisa ukunxiba. I-gaskets idla ngokusetyenziswa ngokubambisana nezibophelelo ezifana neebholiti kunye namantongomane.
Self tapping screw: Self tapping screw luhlobo lwe screw enemisonto ekhethekileyo enokuthi icofe ngokuthe ngqo imingxuma enemisonto kwindawo edityanisiweyo kwaye ifezekise ukuqina. Izikrufu zokuzicofa zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukudibanisa izixhobo zepleyiti ezincinci.
I-Rivet: I-rivet sisibophelelo esidibanisa izinto ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kunye ngokudibanisa. Izixhumi ezidibeneyo zinamandla aphezulu kunye nokuzinza.
Intengiso: Iintengiso zizibophelelo ezisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa kunye nokubeka amacandelo amabini. Iintengiso ngokuqhelekileyo zineedamitha ezincinci kunye nobude obude, okubenza bafanelekele iimeko ezifuna ukubekwa okuchanekileyo.
Umsesane wokugcina: Iringi yogcino licandelo elisetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukunyakaza kwe-axial ye-shaft okanye amacandelo ayo. Indandatho yokugcinwa idla ngokufakwa kwisiphelo sobuso bomngxunya okanye umngxuma, ukukhawulela ukunyakaza kwe-axial ye-shaft okanye amacandelo ayo ngokusebenzisa i-elasticity okanye ukuqina kwayo.
Izikrufu zokhuni: Izikrufu zomthi ziziqhoboshi ezisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa umthi. Umsonto wezikrufu zomthi awunzulu, kulula ukuwujija emthini, kwaye unesiphumo esihle sokuqina.
Isikhonkwane se-Welding: Isikhonkwane se-Welding sisixhobo esinamandla esiphezulu, i-welding fastener efanelekileyo ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo sentsimbi kunye nemimandla yokuvelisa ishishini. Iqukethe intonga engenanto kunye nentloko yesikhonkwane (okanye isakhiwo esingenaso isikhonkwane), esidibaniswe ngokusisigxina kwinxalenye ethile okanye inxalenye ngeteknoloji ye-welding yokudibanisa okuzinzileyo kunye nokuhlanganisana kunye nezinye iindawo kwixesha elizayo.
INdibano: Icandelo elenziwe ngokudibanisa amalungu amaninzi kunye. La macandelo anokuba ngamacandelo asemgangathweni okanye amacandelo ayilwe ngokukodwa. Injongo yendibano kukuququzelela ukufakwa, ukugcinwa, okanye ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso. Ngokomzekelo, ukudibanisa iibholithi, amandongomane, neewasha kunye ukuze zenze indibano yokudibanisa enokufakwa ngokukhawuleza.
2. Imigaqo yokumisela imigangatho kunye neentlobo
Xa sikhetha i-fasteners, kufuneka silandele le migaqo ilandelayo ukumisela imigangatho kunye neentlobo zazo:
Ukunciphisa iindidi kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle: Ngelixa uhlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa, izibophelelo ezisemgangathweni kufuneka zikhethwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa iindidi kunye neenkcukacha kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso.
Beka phambili ukusetyenziswa kweentlobo zemveliso eqhelekileyo: Iindidi zeemveliso ezisemgangathweni zinokutshintshana okuphezulu kunye nokutshintshiselana, okunokunciphisa iindleko zemveliso kunye nokugcinwa. Ngoko ke, xa kunokwenzeka, kufuneka kunikwe ingqwalaselo ephambili ekusebenziseni amacandelo asemgangathweni emveliso.
Qinisekisa iindidi ngokweemfuno zokusetyenziswa: Xa ukhetha iziqhoboshi, ingqwalasela epheleleyo kufuneka inikwe indawo yokusetyenziswa kwayo, iimeko zoxinzelelo, izixhobo, kunye nezinye izinto zokuqinisekisa ukuba iziqhoboshi ezikhethiweyo zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa.
3. Inqanaba lokusebenza koomatshini
Umgangatho wokusebenza komatshini we-fasteners luphawu olubalulekileyo lokulinganisa amandla abo kunye nokuqina. Ngokutsho kwe-GB/T 3098.1-2010, iibholiti, izikrufu kunye nezinye izinto zokubopha zingahlelwa zibe ngamanqanaba okusebenza amaninzi afana ne-4.6, 4.8, 5.6, 5.8, 6.8, 8.8, 9.8, 10.9, 12.9, njl. Ngokomzekelo, i-bolt enomgangatho wokusebenza we-8.8 imele amandla e-tensile ye-800 MPa kunye namandla okuvelisa i-80%, okuyi-tensile yamandla ye-640 MPa.
4. Inqanaba lokuchaneka
Inqanaba elichanekileyo le-fasteners libonisa ukuchaneka kokuveliswa kwazo kunye nokuchaneka okufanelekileyo. Ngokwemimiselo eqhelekileyo, iimveliso ze-fastener zingahlelwa ngamanqanaba amathathu: A, B, kunye no-C. Phakathi kwabo, i-A inezinga eliphezulu lokuchaneka kunye nenqanaba le-C linelona liphantsi. Xa ukhetha i-fasteners, inqanaba lokuchaneka kwazo kufuneka ligqitywe ngokweemfuno zokusetyenziswa.
5. Umsonto
Imisonto iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-fasteners, kwaye imilo kunye nobukhulu bayo bunempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwimpembelelo yokudibanisa i-fasteners. Ngokwemimiselo eqhelekileyo, inqanaba lokunyamezelana kwemicu lingahlulwa libe yi-6H, 7H, njl. Umsonto ococekileyo unomsebenzi olungileyo wokukhulula kwaye ulungele iimeko ezifuna ukumelana nokungcangcazela okukhulu kunye neempembelelo.
6. Iinkcukacha
Ukucaciswa kwee-fasteners ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya iiparitha ezimbini: ububanzi kunye nobude. Xa ukhetha i-fasteners, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe i-diameters kunye nobude ngaphakathi kwinqanaba lenkcazo esemgangathweni ukunciphisa i-inventory kunye neendleko zokuvelisa. Ngexesha elifanayo, ekukhethweni kobubanzi, uchungechunge lokuqala lwamaxabiso kufuneka lukhethwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze kuphuculwe i-universality kunye nokutshintshana kweefasteners.
Isishwankathelo, i-fasteners, njengamacandelo abalulekileyo okudibanisa kunye nokulungisa iindawo, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimveliso yezoshishino. Ngokuqonda ulwahlulo, imigaqo yokukhetha, kunye neeparitha zobugcisa ezinxulumene ne-fasteners, sinokukhetha ngcono kwaye sisebenzise izibophelelo. Oko kuqukumbela ukwabelana namhlanje. Enkosi kakhulu ngengqalelo yakho kunye nokufunda.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-06-2025